The 3–5 year rule
For a typical family of four on a 1,000–1,500 gallon tank, pump every 3–5 years. Bigger families or smaller tanks need it more often — sometimes every 2 years.
Aerobic systems are different: they need a maintenance check every 4 months (required by Texas) but the trash tank still only needs pumping every 2–3 years.
Signs you're overdue
Slow drains across multiple fixtures.
Gurgling toilets or tubs.
Sewage smell inside or in the yard near the tank.
Bright green grass or soggy spots above the drain field.
Quick lookup
1 person, 1,000 gal: every 5–7 years.
2 people, 1,000 gal: every 4–5 years.
4 people, 1,000 gal: every 2–3 years.
4 people, 1,500 gal: every 3–5 years.
6 people, 1,500 gal: every 2 years.